土地利用对水文情势的影响,主要指森林、农业、草原、工业化和都市化的变化对水循环中各个系统所产生的作用。虽然这些影响作用常常是间接性的,但所引起的变化是持续、长期的。主要是通过改变流域下垫面状况,使原来的产汇流条件及蒸散发条件发生变化,从而影响水循环的各个要素。森林是构成自然生态良性循环的主体,森林具有良好的持蓄水能力,由于林区内有着较厚的落叶腐殖质覆盖层,树林根系发育,促进土壤入渗率增大,起着减少地表径流、增加基流的调节作 The impact of land use on hydrological conditions mainly refers to the role of forests, agriculture, grasslands, industrialization and urbanization in various systems of the water cycle. Although these effects are often indirect, the resulting changes are continuous and long-term. Mainly by changing the underlying surface conditions of the watershed, so that the original production and influx of convergence conditions have changed, thus affecting the various elements of the water cycle. The forest is the main part of a virtuous circle of natural ecology. The forest has a good water holding capacity. Due to the thick deciduous humus cover in the forest, the root system of the forest develops and soil infiltration rate is increased, which plays a role in reducing surface runoff, Increase base flow regulation