大部分建筑材料含有镭的同位素,随着镭的衰变而产生氡的同位素——~(222)Rn和~(220)Rn。在这种衰变进程中,氡的同位素会以足够的能量而逸散到建筑材料的孔隙中。氡的逸散效率或射气作用取决于建筑材料的微结构和组分,主要取决于建材颗粒中的镭原子分布。一个众所周知的现象是——富集铀的矿物中的铀的同位素是呈不均匀方式分布的。 Most building materials contain isotopes of radium that produce radon isotopes (~ 222 Rn and ~ (220) Rn) with the decay of radium. During this decay process, radon isotopes will escape with sufficient energy into the pores of the building material. The radiative effusivity or arcing of radon depends on the microstructure and composition of the building material, mainly on the distribution of radium atoms in the building material particles. It is a well-known phenomenon that uranium isotopes in uranium-enriched minerals are heterogeneously distributed.