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1905年,爱因斯坦在解释光电效应时提出,光在空间的传播不是连续的,而是一份一份的,每一份叫做一个光子,每个光子的能量为hv,即E=hv.h为普朗克常量,是1900年普朗克为了解决黑体辐射能量分布问题提出的“能量子”假设中的一个普适常数.教材中给出普朗克常量的值h=6.63×10~(-34)J·s.这个常量是可以引导学生在实验室中利用光电效应实验测量出来的.下面对实验过程进行说明.
In 1905, Einstein explained that in the photoelectric effect, the spread of light in space is not continuous, but a copy of each one is called a photon, the energy of each photon hv, E = hv. h is Planck’s constant, which is a universal constant put forward by Planck in 1900 to solve the problem of energy distribution of blackbody radiation. The value of Planck’s constant is h = 6.63 × 10 ~ (-34) J · s. This constant can be used to guide students in the laboratory using the photoelectric effect experiment measured out. The following describes the experimental process.