【摘 要】
：
It is very important to understand why a small amount of alkali metal doping in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe)solar cells can improve the conversion efficiency.In this
【机 构】
：
Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Thin Fil
论文部分内容阅读
It is very important to understand why a small amount of alkali metal doping in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe)solar cells can improve the conversion efficiency.In this work,Na-doped CZTSSe is prepared by a simple solution method,and then the effects on the surface properties of the absorber layer,the buffer layer growth,and the modifications of the solar cell performance induced by the Na doping are studied.The surface of the absorber layer is more Cu-depletion and less roughness due to the Na doping.In addition,the contact angle of the surface increases because of Na doping.As a consequence,the thickness of the CdS buffer layer is significantly reduced and the optical losses in the CdS buffer layer are decreased.The difference of quasi-Fermi levels (EFn-EFp) increases with a small amount of Na doping in the CZTSSe solar cell,so that open circuit voltage (Voc) increased significantly.This work offers new insights into the effects of Na doping on CZTSSe via a solution-based approach and provides a deeper understanding of the origin of the efficiency improvement of Na-doped CZTSSe thin film solar cells.
其他文献
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high designability and structure diversity have been widely developed as promising photocatalytic materials,but most of the
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are receiving increasing attention as one of the potential next-generation batteries,owing to their high energy densities and low
Rational design and facile synthesis of non-noble materials as the effective multifunctional electrocatalysts are still challenging. Herein, a self-catalytically grafted growth approach is developed to construct carbon hybrid with three-dimensional(3 D) n
在解耦双循环反应系统中,进行了以石英砂-赤铁矿为床料的白松木屑热解和热解油催化提质研究.通过颗粒分级器,将循环床料石英砂和赤铁矿分别分配到热解器和提质器,构成原料热
Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) materials for harvesting solar energy can be discovered from existing photocatalytic semiconductors.Nonetheless,mixed valence tin ox
In this study,an amine-coordinated cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)-based anodic catalyst was fabricated by a facile process,to enhance the performance of hydrogen
采用精馏隔壁塔的三种等价模型,借助Aspen Plus对乙腈-水分离进行了模拟。通过灵敏度分析、TAC分析和能耗分析,研究了不同等价模型在分离共沸体系方面的适用性。结果表明:针对萃取精馏,隔壁塔三种等价模型均可用于模拟分离乙腈-水体系;各模型均体现出节能效果,相较于传统的萃取精馏塔,两塔模型节能12.62%,三塔模型节能22.28%,四塔模型节能14.10%;总费用方面,三塔模型比两塔模型减少11.73%,比四塔减少15.26%。
应用Aspen plus软件对二氯二氢硅反歧化反应精馏工艺进行了模拟,对反应精馏工艺进行了操作参数优化,在最佳条件下以年度总费用为依据对固定床工艺和反应精馏工艺设备投资和能耗进行了分析,进一步在Aspen dynamics软件下模拟了进料流量±5%波动及组成变化的扰动下各运行参数的变化。结果表明,产品中三氯氢硅(TCS)质量分数可达99%,模拟结果与工艺数据良好吻合且误差不超过5%。确定的最佳优化参数中回流比为6,压力140 kPa,STC/DCS的进料物质的量之比为1.04,理论塔板数为39。相比固定床
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have become the promising next-generation photovoltaic devices due to their excellent photoelectric performances,and the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)have experienced unprecedented rapid increase in recent years.However,t
Developing efficient electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is crucial to replace the both energy-intensive and environment-malignant Haber-Bosch