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目的分析乌鲁木齐市2004—2014年职业危害因素监测结果,采取有效的管理措施,以达到预防并减少职业病的目的。方法采用excel软件录入乌鲁木齐市2004—2014年67家委托进行职业病危害因素监测的企业的监测数据,利用SPSS 17.0从不同角度分析监测点行业合格率以及职业危害因素监测管理开展的情况并进行风险评估,采用TOPSIS法分析不同行业职业危害管理情况。结果 2004—2014年职业卫生监测的企业数、监测点数每年呈现上升趋势。监测点超标率也呈现稳中有降趋势,总的平均超标率从2004年的9.09%下降至2014年的0.84%。粉尘、化学毒物、物理因素的合格率稳中有升。各行业中建材类的合格率最低。风险评估显示粉尘作业为高度风险,化学毒物与噪声作业为低度风险。TOPSIS法分析显示,各行业中石油化工行业危害管理实施最好,新能源类行业最差。结论乌鲁木齐市委托进行监测的67家企业职业病危害因素中粉尘危害最大,其次是化学毒物。其职业危害管理情况不容乐观。应尽早制定并实施相应的对策措施以加强防护,保护劳动者的健康。
Objective To analyze the monitoring results of occupational hazards from 2004 to 2014 in Urumqi and take effective management measures to prevent and reduce the occupational diseases. Methods The data of 67 companies commissioned by Urumqi in 2004 and 2014 for the monitoring of occupational hazards were analyzed by excel software. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the occupancy rate of monitoring points and the monitoring and management of occupational hazards in different aspects and risk assessment , Using TOPSIS analysis of occupational hazards management in different industries. Results The number of enterprises and monitoring points for occupational health monitoring in 2004-2014 showed an annual upward trend. Monitoring points exceeded the standard rate also showed a steady decline, the overall average rate of over-average dropped from 9.09% in 2004 to 0.84% in 2014. Dust, chemical poisons, the passing rate of physical factors steady rise. Building materials in all sectors of the lowest pass rate. Risk assessment shows that dusting is a high risk and chemical poisons and noise are low risk. TOPSIS analysis shows that all industries in the petrochemical industry, the best management of hazardous materials, the worst of the new energy industry. Conclusion 67 hazardous chemicals companies commissioned by Urumqi City were the most harmful to occupational hazards, followed by chemical poisons. Occupational hazards management is not optimistic. Corresponding countermeasures should be formulated and implemented as soon as possible to strengthen protection and protect workers’ health.