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目的分析湖南省岳阳市近8年来人间狂犬病流行趋势及影响因素,为狂犬病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对全市2001-2008年人间狂犬病个案数据库进行分析。结果 2001-2008年岳阳市共发生狂犬病病例170例,年均发病率为0.41/10万,病死率为100%。除屈原管理区外,其他县(区)均有病例报告,主要集中在平江县、岳阳县、湘阴县、汨罗市和华容县,占全市累计报告病例数的73.53%。农村男性农民和学生是狂犬病的高危人群;夏秋两季为病例多发季节;伤人动物以犬为主;被动物致伤后大部分(82.94%)患者未接种疫苗和/或注射抗血清。结论目前岳阳市狂犬病疫情形势严峻,应加强狂犬病尤其是农村狂犬病的综合防制工作。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of human rabies in Yueyang City in Hunan Province during the recent 8 years and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of rabies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the human case of rabies in the city from 2001 to 2008. Results A total of 170 rabies cases were reported in Yueyang City from 2001 to 2008, with an average annual incidence of 0.41 per 100 000 and a case fatality rate of 100%. In addition to the Quyuan management area, there are case reports in other counties (districts), mainly in Pingjiang County, Yueyang County, Xiangyin County, Miluo City and Huarong County, accounting for 73.53% of the total number of reported cases in the city. Male peasants and students in rural areas were at high risk of rabies. In summer and autumn, the disease season was predominant. Cases of dogs were predominant in the injured animals. Most of the animals (82.94%) were unvaccinated and / or injected with antisera after the animal was injured. Conclusion At present, the epidemic situation of rabies in Yueyang City is severe, and the comprehensive prevention and control of rabies, especially in rural areas, should be strengthened.