60年代初期,美国耶鲁大学de S Price连续发表了《巴比伦以来的科学》、《小科学、大科学》、《科学论文的网络》,从此诞生了一门全新的学科——科学计量学(scientometrics)。作为一门对科学文献进行定量的统计分析的学科,科学计量学最诱人的目标之一,就是创立评价科学的指标系统,来研究各科学团体,诸如课题小组、研究所、大学校系、国家地区、科学领域以及分支学科等.各国科学计量学家博采诸如概率论、统计分析、矩阵分析、网络分析、图论和聚点分析等数学工具,对科学家人数、科学成果数、科学期刊数、论文数、引文数等作了一系列深入的定量研究和探 In the early 1960s, de S Price of Yale University in the United States published “Science Since Babylon,” “Science of Science, Science” and “Network of Science Papers.” Since then, a brand new discipline, scientometrics ). As a discipline that conducts quantitative statistical analysis of scientific literature, one of the most attractive goals of scientometrics is to set up an index system of evaluation science to study various scientific groups, such as research groups, research institutes, university departments, National areas, sciences and branches, etc. Scientists in various countries draw on mathematical tools such as probability theory, statistical analysis, matrix analysis, network analysis, graph theory and point analysis and so on. The number of scientists, the number of scientific achievements, the scientific journals Number, the number of papers, the number of quotations made a series of in-depth quantitative research and exploration