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目的比较深圳市民营与公立医院医用诊断X射线机的放射防护状况,为更好地保障放射工作人员和公众的健康与安全提供参考依据。方法根据国家有关标准,采用X-γ射线监测仪和多功能X射线机质量检测仪,对62家民营医院与71家公立医院的X射线机房、周围放射防护水平以及射线装置影像质量状况进行检测。结果民营医院进口设备配置率低于公立医院(43.9%vs 63.6%,P<0.01);民营与公立医院X射线机影像质量控制检测合格率分别为90.2%和91.5%,性能检测合格率分别为98.1%和97.6%,防护检测合格率分别为90.3%和97.2%,民营与公立医院上述指标分别比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);民营医院容量≥200 mA的X射线机机房面积不合格率高于公立医院(25.6%vs 12.3%,P<0.05);民营医院工作场所防护检测结果不合格率高于公立医院(0.8%vs 0.2%,P<0.01)。结论民营医院设备质量控制合格率与公立医院在同一水平,公立医院放射防护状况比民营医院好;但两者均存在超标情况,须采取相应的综合性防护措施。
Objective To compare the radiation protection status of medical diagnostic X-ray machines in private and public hospitals in Shenzhen and provide references for better protection of the health and safety of radiation workers and the general public. Methods According to the relevant national standards, X-ray detector and multi-function X-ray detector were used to detect the radiological protection and the radiological quality of X-ray equipment in 62 private hospitals and 71 public hospitals . Results The distribution rate of imported equipment in private hospitals was lower than that in public hospitals (43.9% vs 63.6%, P <0.01). The passing rates of X-ray image quality control tests in private and public hospitals were 90.2% and 91.5% respectively. The passing rates of performance testing were 98.1% and 97.6% respectively, and the passing rates of protective tests were 90.3% and 97.2% respectively. There was no significant difference in the above indicators between private and public hospitals (P> 0.05). The X-ray machine room area The unqualified rate was higher in public hospitals than in public hospitals (25.6% vs 12.3%, P <0.05). The unqualified rate of workplace protection tests in private hospitals was higher than that in public hospitals (0.8% vs 0.2%, P <0.01). Conclusion The qualified rate of equipment quality control in private hospitals is at the same level as that of public hospitals, and the public hospitals are better protected than the private ones in public hospitals. However, both of them have over-standard conditions and corresponding comprehensive protective measures must be taken.