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目的总结脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)的分离方法、生物学特性、多向分化能力及其促血管化作用,以探讨其在脂肪组织修复重建中的作用。方法回顾性分析国内外的ADSCs相关文献,探讨其在脂肪组织修复重建中的作用。结果 ADSCs作为人体储量最丰富的间充质干细胞,从体表脂肪组织中分离而来,具有多向分化能力,经诱导可分化为脂肪、软骨、骨、心肌、肌肉、血管上皮细胞等多种组织细胞,其中其成脂分化能力可保持数代不衰减。ADSCs还具有旁分泌功能,分泌血管上皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子2(FGF-2)等细胞因子,能促进组织血管化,提高游离脂肪组织移植的存活率。结论 ADSCs可用于脂肪组织工程、脂肪组织移植和软组织创伤修复中,在乳腺组织的修复重建方面具有重要的应用前景。
Objective To summarize the isolation, biological characteristics, multidirectional differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their proangiogenic effects in order to explore their roles in the repair and reconstruction of adipose tissue. Methods Retrospective analysis of domestic and foreign ADSCs literature to explore its role in adipose tissue repair and reconstruction. Results As the most abundant human mesenchymal stem cells, ADSCs isolated from body surface adipose tissue and had multidirectional differentiation ability. ADSCs were induced to differentiate into adipose, cartilage, bone, myocardium, muscle and vascular epithelial cells Tissue cells, of which adipogenic differentiation ability can be maintained for generations without attenuation. ADSCs also have paracrine function, secretion of vascular epithelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and other cytokines, can promote tissue vascularization and increase the survival rate of free fatty tissue transplantation. Conclusion ADSCs can be used in adipose tissue engineering, adipose tissue transplantation and soft tissue trauma repair. It has important application prospects in the repair and reconstruction of breast tissue.