文章介绍了苏联、美国、日本和西欧等主要发达国家铁路的管理体制及其利弊和改革的主要措施;在分析国外铁路管理体制的基础上,对铁路管理体制问题提出了一些看法。 This article introduces the management system of the railway in the major developed countries such as the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan and Western Europe, its advantages and disadvantages, and the major measures for its reform. Based on the analysis of the foreign railway management system, some opinions on the railway management system are put forward.