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随着β-肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂在内科领域应用的发展,为青光眼的药物治疗开辟了一个新的途径。早在1948年,Alhquist根据各种组织对一些拟交感胺类药物的不同效应,将肾上腺素能受体分为两类。一类称为α-受体,兴奋时表现为皮肤、粘膜血管的平滑肌、消化道的括约肌和虹膜的瞳孔扩大肌收缩,兴奋的物质为去甲肾上腺素,也称为α-受体兴奋剂;酚妥拉明可阻滞α-受体对去甲肾上腺素的效应,称为α-受体阻滞剂。另一类称为β-受体,兴奋时表现为心肌收缩力增强,心率加快,骨骼肌的血管、支气管的平滑肌和睫状肌松驰,可使β-受体兴奋的物质——异丙肾上腺素,称为β-受体兴奋剂,心得安可阻滞β-受体对异丙肾上腺素的效应,称为β-受体阻滞剂。肾上腺素兼有兴奋α和β-受体的作用。
With the advent of β-adrenergic receptor blockers in the field of medical applications, Glaucoma has opened up a new way of drug treatment. Already in 1948, Alhquist divided adrenergic receptors into two groups based on the different effects of various tissues on some sympathomimetic drugs. A class called α-receptor, the performance of the excitement of the skin, mucosal vascular smooth muscle, gastrointestinal sphincter and iris pupil to expand muscle contraction, the excitement of the substance is norepinephrine, also known as α-receptor agonists ; Phentolamine can block the effect of alpha-receptors on norepinephrine, known as alpha-blockers. Another type of beta-receptor, excited when the performance of enhanced myocardial contractility, heart rate, skeletal muscle blood vessels, bronchial smooth muscle and ciliary muscle relaxation, the β-receptor excited substances - isopropyl Adrenaline, known as a beta-agonist, is thought to block the effects of beta-receptors on isoproterenol, called beta-blockers. Both epinephrine and alpha-and β-receptor role of excitement.