一、前言锚杆作为一种新型的工程技术,自六十年代以来已在世界各地得到了广泛应用。例如支挡建筑、地下厂房、边坡加固等应用了锚杆。同时也出现了多种以锚杆为主的复合技术,如锚杆挡墙、喷锚支护等。而将锚杆同框架相结合形成锚杆框架护坡来防治裂土边坡的浅层破坏也是锚杆技术的一种扩大应用。 I. INTRODUCTION As a new type of engineering technology, anchor bolts have been widely used all over the world since the 1960s. For example, bolts are used for retaining buildings, underground powerhouses, and slope reinforcements. At the same time, there have also emerged a variety of composite technologies based on anchor rods, such as anchor retaining walls, spray anchor supports and so on. The combination of bolts and frames to form a bolted frame slope to prevent shallow damage to the cracked soil slope is also an extension of the bolt technique.