辩证法有所谓正反合,或者叫概念的三个环节,用以描述发展的情景。古代中国的辩证思想中,也有类似说法;只以古人未曾系统表述,今人未能明白了解,加以古词奥颐,故罕为世人所知。 本文证明,“反复”范略所表示的由正而反,由反而返,复归於出发点的思想,便是常见的正反合格式;其“反”字强调了运动的动态和曲折,“复”字则强调着运动的完成与重张。道家以现实为反,故追求复、向往后,后归於朴。儒家视现实为正,故立志守正,以反为戒,以复为望。 反复使运动发展形成圆圈,时间于是并非直线前进。在圆周上,起点与终点是重合的,始即终,终即始。由始而极而终,也正是由正而反(返)而复。《易》道的“原始要终”观,历史的“五德终始”说,乃由之发生。 反复、终始观念指引着行为方式的屈曲迂廻,不去径情直遂,反而捷足先登。道家的尚柔,儒者之崇礼,皆系于此。 屈曲当然只是方法,不是目的。目的在使大道周行。周行之周,既是圆周,也是圆面即周遍。面封周行的宇宙,道家企图“得其环中”,儒家鼓吹“保合太和”;就是说,他们自己要跳出三界外,不落周行中！既已证明无物不在周行,证明者自己却追求超越这个周行;这便是一切思想泰斗宗教教主常演的大悲剧。 本文封中国古代思想中三个环节之辩证学说的论述,无疑会引起读者对中华思想 Dialectics so-called positive and negative, or called the concept of the three links to describe the development of the scene. In ancient China’s dialectical thinking, there is a similar statement; only the ancients did not systematically present, today people can not understand, to the ancient word Austria Yi, so rarely known to the world. This paper proves that the idea of ​​“repetition” from positive to negative, return from the contrary, and return to the starting point is a common positive and negative form. The “anti” character emphasizes the dynamic and twists of the movement. The words emphasize the completion and rehearsal of the movement. Taoism to the reality of the contrary, so the pursuit of complex, longing, after the return to Park. Confucianism, as the reality is positive, so determined to keep its word, in order to resist, to reconsider. Repeated movement to form a circle, the time is not straight forward. On the circumference, the starting and ending points coincide, the beginning and the end, the end is the beginning. From beginning to end, it is from the positive and negative (return) and complex. The concept of “primordialness and conciseness” of “Yi” and the “five virtues and the beginning” of history have come into being. Repeatedly, the concept of the end of the guidelines to guide the behavior of flexing circuitous, not justified circumstances, but pre-empted. Taoist Shang Rou, Confucian worship, are all here. Of course, the method of buckling is not an end. The purpose is to make the avenue week. Week of weeks, both the circumference, but also round surface that is, Faced with the Universe Zhou line, Taoist attempts to “get its ring”, Confucian advocate “Baohe Taihe”; that is, they have to jump out of the Three Realms, do not fall week week! Having proved that nothing is not in the Zhou Dynasty, the witness himself pursues to transcend this week’s line; this is the great tragedy in which all the ideological leaders of the Faith often perform. The essay on the dialectical theory of the three links in ancient Chinese thought undoubtedly will arouse readers’