论文部分内容阅读
在中枢神经系统,谷氨酸转运体在谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环中发挥着重要作用。谷氨酸转运体有高亲和力转运体,即兴奋性氨基酸转运体(excitatory amino acid transporters,EAATs)和低亲和力转运体,即囊泡谷氨酸转运体(vesicular glutamate transporters,VGLUTs)两种类型。其中,VGLUTs的功能是特异地将突触囊泡外的谷氨酸转运进入突触囊泡内,它包括三个成员,分别是VGLUT1、VGLUT2和VGLUT3。一方面,VGLUT1和VGLUT2标记了所有的谷氨酸能神经元,是谷氨酸能神经元和它们轴突末端高度特异的标志;另一方面,VGLUT1标志着皮质-皮质投射,而VGLUT2则标志着丘脑-皮层投射,VGLUT3则位于抑制性突触末端。
In the central nervous system, glutamate transporters play an important role in the glutamate-glutamine cycle. Glutamate transporters have two types of high-affinity transporters, excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) and low-affinity transporters, vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). Among them, VGLUTs function specifically to transport glutamate out of synaptic vesicles into synaptic vesicles, which includes three members, namely VGLUT1, VGLUT2 and VGLUT3. On the one hand, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 mark all glutamatergic neurons, which are highly specific markers of glutamatergic neurons and their axon termini; on the other hand, VGLUT1 marks cortical-cortical projection whereas VGLUT2 marks With thalamic-cortical projection, VGLUT3 is located at the inhibitory synaptic terminal.