手术切除是治疗直肠癌的主要手段,既要根治肿瘤、延长生存期,又要保留肛门功能、提高生活质量成为现代直肠癌治疗的目标。随着对盆腔解剖的重新认识、新技术的出现和治疗理念改变,直肠癌的外科治疗更加理性化。现就直肠癌外科有关热点问题的研究现状讨论如下。1全直肠系膜切除( Surgery is the treatment of rectal cancer, the main means, it is necessary to cure the tumor, prolong survival, but also to retain the anus function and improve the quality of life has become the goal of modern rectal cancer treatment. With the re-understanding of pelvic anatomy, the emergence of new technologies and treatment concepts change, surgical treatment of rectal cancer more rational. The current research on the hot issues of rectal cancer surgery are discussed below. 1 Total mesorectal excision (