目的研究干扰素治疗慢性丙型肝炎近期疗效与远期疗效．方法３×１０６ＩＵ，ｉｍ，１次／２ｄ×３个月为１疗程，接受１～５个疗程干扰素治疗的慢性丙型肝炎患者６８例，治疗结束后随访观察１５年～３年．结果根据干扰素疗效的生物化学评判标准，第１个疗程治疗结束时，分别有７６５％（５２／６８），２０６％（１４／６８）和２９％（２／６８）的患者表现为完全应答、部分应答和不应答．５１９％（２７／５２）的完全应答者在第１个疗程结束后６个月～１０个月的间歇内复发．分别有１９，１和３例患者接受了共计２，３和５个疗程治疗．在１～５个疗程干扰素治疗结束之后１５年～３年的随访观察中，２９例（４２７％）患者表现为持续完全应答，其中４例患者ＨＣＶＲＮＡ检测结果持续阳性；３７例（５４４％）患者为部分应答；２例（２９％）患者无应答．结论慢性丙型肝炎患者干扰素治疗的早期疗效较好，但完全应答者的复发率较高． Objective To study the short-term curative effect and long-term curative effect of interferon on chronic hepatitis C Methods A total of 68 patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with 3 × 106IU, im, 1 time / 2d × 3 months for 1 course of treatment and 1 to 5 courses of interferon treatment. The patients were followed up for 15 years to 3 years after the end of treatment. Results According to biochemical criteria of efficacy of interferon, there were 76.5% (52/68), 20.6% (14/68) and 29% (2/68) cases, respectively, at the end of the first course of treatment. Of patients showed complete response, partial response and no response. 51.9% (27/52) of complete responders relapsed within the interval of 6 months to 10 months after the end of the first course of treatment. 19, 1 and 3 patients, respectively, received a total of 2, 3 and 5 courses of treatment. Of the 1 to 5 years to 3 years of follow-up after 1 to 5 courses of interferon treatment, 29 (42.7%) patients showed a sustained complete response, of which 4 cases continued to have positive HCV RNA test results and 37 (544%) patients were partial response; 2 patients (29%) patients had no response. Conclusion The early curative effect of interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C is better, but the relapse rate of those with complete responders is higher.