5岁以下儿童死亡率(U5MR)是衡量儿童生存水平及其变化的重要指标,它能够敏感地反映一个国家或地区经济文化发展水平和妇幼卫生工作的质量。本文采用U5MR分析了海门农村70、80、90年代中相同年代内5岁以下儿童死亡情况及其变化,探讨了降低农村儿童死亡率的主要对策。1　资料与方 The mortality of children under 5 years of age (U5MR) is an important indicator to measure the level of children’s survival and its changes. It can sensitively reflect the level of economic and cultural development in a country or region and the quality of MCH work. This paper uses U5MR to analyze the death and changes of children under 5 in the same age in Haimen rural areas during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, and discusses the main countermeasures to reduce the rural child mortality rate. 1 data and party