近20年来,将围产期死亡率、婴儿死亡率及产妇死亡率作为反映一个国家或一个地区妇幼卫生工作质量的三项重要指标。为了降低围产期死亡率,在妊娠期中必须加强对母儿的监护。除一般常规的检查外。近年来,国内开展了生物物理及生物化学的测定:孕妇血或尿中雌三醇的测定,羊水中L/S(卵磷脂/鞘磷脂)的测定,胆红质、肌酐等的化验。此外,随着电子仪器的进展,通过监护仪,可以测得子宫腔内压力,听到扩大了的胎动和胎心音,清楚地描记出胎动和胎心曲线图 In the past 20 years, the perinatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate have been taken as three important indicators of the quality of MCH work in a country or a region. In order to reduce perinatal mortality, mother-child custody must be strengthened during pregnancy. In addition to the general inspection. In recent years, China has carried out the determination of biophysical and biochemical: determination of serum or urinary estriol in pregnant women, amniotic fluid L / S (lecithin / sphingomyelin) determination, bilirubin, creatinine and other tests. In addition, with the progress of electronic instruments, through the monitor, you can measure the intrauterine pressure, hear the enlarged fetal movement and fetal heart sound, clearly marked fetal movement and fetal heart rate curve