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目的对烟民吸烟的相关行为、认知进行调查分析,为烟民戒烟提供合理的方法途径。方法在上海市浦东新区祝桥镇施湾社区随机选取300名年龄介于18~70岁之间有吸烟行为的居民。采用尼古丁依赖量表(FTND)进行测试评分以及自制的烟民戒烟影响因素调查表调查烟民戒烟的意愿及其影响因素。结果 300名烟民FTND得分男女各分值之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。300名烟民FTND得分用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归模型进行综合分析,最终筛选出2个相关因素:你早晨醒来之后多长时间吸第1支烟(5 min内)(P=0.015)和你每天吸多少支烟(31支或更多)(P=0.013)。300名烟民戒烟意愿影响因素用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归模型进行综合分析,最终筛选出2个相关因素:你吸烟的目的(心理压力大)(P=0.023)和你的生活水平(较差)(P=0.017)。结论心理压力大和生活水平较差与烟民的戒烟意愿相关关系最大,该社区今后应加强对这类人群的健康干预,促使其改变不健康的生活方式。
Objective To investigate and analyze the smoking behavior and cognition of smokers, and provide a reasonable way for smokers to quit smoking. Methods A total of 300 residents with smoking behavior aged 18 ~ 70 years were randomly selected in Shiwan Community, Zhuqiao Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Using the nicotine dependence scale (FTND) test scores and self-made smoker smoking cessation questionnaire to investigate the wishes of smokers to stop smoking and its influencing factors. Results There were significant differences between male and female scores of FTND scores of 300 smokers (P <0.01). Three smokers’ FTND scores were analyzed by single factor and multivariate conditional logistic regression models, and finally 2 factors were screened: how long after the morning of waking you first cigarette (within 5 min) (P = 0.015 ) And how many cigarettes you smoke per day (31 or more) (P = 0.013). A total of 300 factors related to smoking cessation among 300 smokers were analyzed by single-factor and multi-factor conditional logistic regression models. Two factors were finally screened out: the purpose of smoking (psychological stress) (P = 0.023) and your living standard Poor) (P = 0.017). Conclusion Psychological stress and poor standard of living have the most to do with smoking smokers’ willingness to quit smoking. In the future, the community should strengthen the health interventions for such people and change their unhealthy lifestyles.