人们为达到共同目标而建立组织,进行管理,这是古已有之的。十九世纪末,随着工业的发展,逐步产生了最大限度地利用资源的管理思想和概念,并形成了一种社会思潮,被称之为管理运动。二十世纪初,管理思想开始形成一门独立的学科,而且科学管理在教科书、管理手册、杂志、专业协会以及大学课程等方面已达成熟阶段。二十年代,管理理论进入了第二阶段,即出现了人际关系行为科学运动,也被称为“社会人时代”。二次大战后,出现了当代西方管理理论理论的一批学派,从而进入了第三阶段。 People have established organizations and managed for the purpose of achieving common goals. This is an ancient one. At the end of the 19th century, with the development of industry, management ideas and concepts of maximizing the use of resources were gradually developed, and a social trend of thought was formed, which was called the management movement. At the beginning of the 20th century, management thought began to form an independent discipline, and the scientific management reached mature stages in textbooks, management manuals, magazines, professional associations, and university courses. In the 1920s, management theory entered the second stage, that is, the emergence of a scientific movement of interpersonal behavior, also known as the “society of people.” After the Second World War, a number of schools of contemporary Western management theory emerged and entered the third stage.