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目的：为海绵窦的影像学诊断和外科学治疗提供解剖学依据。方法：利用头颅连续断层标本，观察海绵窦在各断面上的位置、大小、形态、内部结构和毗邻。结果：海绵窦平均长２１．１±３．２ｍｍ，宽８．７±０．７ｍｍ，外侧壁高１４．７±３．３ｍｍ，内侧壁高１６．４±１．３ｍｍ。颈内动脉和展神经位于海绵窦壁内，脑神经Ⅲ～Ⅴ位于海绵窦外侧壁内，这些神经与颈内动脉之间有恒定的位置关系。在颈内动脉的内侧、下方及外下方可出现静脉间隙，出现率分别为６９％、４３％和１００％。海绵窦外侧壁硬脑膜可分为浅、深两层；浅层为形成颅中窝内侧壁的硬脑膜，深层构成脑神经Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ１和Ⅶ２的鞘及鞘之间的网状膜。结论：海绵窦静脉间隙和外侧壁脑膜结构的了解有助于影像学和显微外科学对海绵窦病变的评价和手术切除
Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of cavernous sinus. Methods: Using continuous skull specimens, observe the position, size, shape, internal structure and adjacent of cavernous sinus in each section. RESULTS: The average length of cavernous sinus was 21.1 ± 3.2mm, width 8.7 ± 0.7mm, height of lateral wall 14.7 ± 3.3mm and medial wall 16.4 ± 1.3mm. The internal carotid artery and the dorsal nerve are located in the cavernous sinus wall, and the cranial nerves III-V are located in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus with a constant positional relationship between these nerves and the internal carotid artery. Intravenous arteries in the medial, inferior and outer venous gap may occur, the incidence was 69%, 43% and 100%. The outer wall of cavernous sinus dural can be divided into shallow and deep; the superficial layer is the dural lining which forms the medial wall of cranial fossa; the deep layer forms the reticular membrane between sheath and sheath of cranial nerves Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ1 and Ⅶ2. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding of the cavernous sinus vena cava and the lateral wall of the meninges contributes to the evaluation and surgical resection of cavernous sinus lesions by imaging and microsurgery