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目的对深圳市福田区2013年麻疹流行病学特征及发病影响因素进行分析,为下一步防控提出建议。方法采用描述性流行病学方法描述深圳市福田区2013年麻疹流行病学特征;通过1:1配对病例对照研究,采用二分类Logistic回归分析比较麻疹病例组和对照组在户籍、本地居住时间、医院暴露史、麻疹患者接触史等可能影响因素的分布差异。结果福田区2013年麻疹报告发病率65.4/100万,发病高峰在夏季;人群集中在<1岁组和≥15岁组,共占90.81%,外地户籍为主,96.56%病例免疫史为0剂或不详。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,麻疹发病的影响因素有:疫苗接种(OR95%CI为1.205~18.783,P=0.026);户籍(OR95%CI为0.142~0.565,P=0.000);病前医院暴露史(OR95%CI为1.271~5.658,P=0.010)。结论深圳市福田区2013年麻疹高发,应重点关注1岁以下、15岁以上人群,特别是流动人群;麻疹发病的危险因素有:外地户籍、病前医院暴露史,保护因素有疫苗接种。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and the influencing factors of measles in Futian District of Shenzhen in 2013 so as to provide suggestions for prevention and control in the next step. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Futian District of Shenzhen City in 2013. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare and analyze the differences between the measles cases and the control group in household registration, Hospital history of exposure, history of measles contact may affect the distribution of factors. Results The incidence of measles in Futian District in 2013 was 65.4 / 100 000 with peak incidence in summer. The population concentrated in <1 year old group and ≥15 years old group, accounting for 90.81%, with permanent household registration and 96.56% case history of immunization as 0 Or unknown. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of measles were: vaccination (OR 95% CI 1.205-18.783, P = 0.026); household registration (OR 95% CI 0.142-0.565, P = 0.000) (OR 95% CI 1.271-5.658, P = 0.010). Conclusion High incidence of measles in Futian District, Shenzhen in 2013 should be focused on people under 1 year old and over 15 years of age, especially floating population. The risk factors of measles include: household registration, hospital history of prior hospitalization, and vaccination with protective factors.