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目的分析郑州市2012-2015年手足口病疫情变化特点,为指导今后的手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对郑州市2012-2015年手足口病发病资料进行分析。结果 2012-2015年期间郑州市报告手足口病病例65 364例,年均报告发病率为196.99/10万;男女性别比为1.50∶1;4-7月份报告发病数占全年报告发病数的70.51%;手足口病的人群特征为3岁及以下组儿童高发,占总报告病例数的65.15%;散居儿童、幼托儿童报告发病数分别占总发病数的77.19%、20.85%,散居儿童构成比例逐年上升,病原学特征上每年优势病原体有所变化。结论手足口病的高危人群为散居儿童和幼托儿童,应继续开展对社区和托幼机构的手足口病的健康教育、疫情监测工作,有效控制聚集性疫情的发生。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhengzhou City from 2012 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of HFMD in Zhengzhou from 2012 to 2015. Results A total of 65 364 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Zhengzhou City from 2012 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 196.99 per 100 000 and a sex ratio of 1.50: 1. The number of reported cases from April to July accounted for the total number of reported cases 70.51%. The characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease were high in children aged 3 and below, accounting for 65.15% of the total reported cases. The reported incidence of scattered children and child care children respectively accounted for 77.19% and 20.85% of the total, respectively, The proportion of the constitution increased year by year, and the etiological characteristics of etiology changed every year. Conclusions HFMD in HFMD are diaspora and kindergarten children. Health education and epidemic situation monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease in community and kindergarten institutions should be continued to effectively control the occurrence of cluster epidemic.