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现在和未来20年固体地球科学所面临的最大挑战是什么?而对美国国家航空航天局(NASA)来说,在与其他机构合作时,什么又是解决这些挑战的最好途径呢?一份《在不平静的行星上生活》的新报告,为回答这些问题提供了一份蓝图。根据这份报告,未来5年,固体地球科学领域最优先的一次新的宇宙飞船飞行行动是发射一颗干涉测量合成孔径雷达(inSAR)卫星。在NASA的要求下,固体地球科学工作组(SESWG)为太空机构未来25年固体地球科学的最优先目标制定了一个战略。该战略提出6个挑战,它们都具有基础科学的重要性,对社会有着重要意义并且能够通过在太空进行一系列共同的科学观测而取得实质性的进展。成功应对这些挑战将有赖于在其他的NASA计划方面与许多美国联邦机构以及国际合作伙伴之间进行密切合作和协作。固体地球科学工作组提出的计划分为5个观测方面,每一方面都将面对众多的科学挑战:陆地表面的形变、高分辨率地形和地形的变化、地球磁场的变异性、地球重力场的变异性以及地球变化表面的成像光谱。该工作组的评议工作已进行了两年(2000～2002年),包括与广泛的地球物理学团体之间进行卓有成效的对话。AGU2000年秋季和2001年春季会议的代表帮助达成了广泛的共识,并设立了网站,用于给出委员会的进展报告并邀请所有感兴趣的人士反馈意见。由华盛顿卡内基研究所的Solomon任主席的固体地球科学工作组由19位代表组成,分别来自大学、研究机构、美国航空航天局和美国地质调查局。总报告可以在http://solidearth.jpl/nasa.gov上找到。
What is the biggest challenge facing solid earth science now and for the next 20 years? NASA is the best way to solve these challenges when working with other agencies. The new report, “Living on a Calm Planet,” provided a blueprint for answering these questions. According to the report, a new spacecraft mission of the highest priority in solid earth science will launch an interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (inSAR) satellite over the next five years. At NASA’s request, the Solid Earth Science Working Group (SESWG) has developed a strategy for space agencies’ top priority in solid geoscience for the next 25 years. The strategy poses six challenges, all of which are of fundamental scientific importance, of social importance and of enabling substantive progress through a series of common scientific observations in space. Successful response to these challenges will depend on close collaboration and collaboration with many U.S. federal agencies and international partners on other NASA programs. The program put forward by the Solid Earth Science Working Group is divided into five observational aspects, each of which will face numerous scientific challenges: deformation of the land surface, changes in high-resolution topography and terrain, variability of the Earth’s magnetic field, and the Earth’s gravitational field Variability and the imaging spectrum of the Earth’s changing surface. The working group’s deliberations have been conducted for two years (2000-2002), including a fruitful dialogue with a wide range of geophysical groups. Representatives of AGU’s 2000 and 2001 Spring Meetings helped to reach broad consensus and set up a website to provide progress reports of the Commission and to invite feedback from all interested parties. The Solid Earth Science Working Group, chaired by Solomon of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, is made up of 19 representatives from universities, research institutes, NASA and the United States Geological Survey. The general report can be found at http://solidearth.jpl/nasa.gov.