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以6年生黄冠梨为试材,研究了不同水肥处理对黄冠梨叶片光合效能和果实品质的影响,从而筛选出最佳的水肥耦合方式。结果表明:水分是影响水肥耦合效能的主导因子,半量水和倍量水处理对梨树叶片光合效率及果实品质均有不利影响,无水条件下施肥不良影响最大;在不同水肥耦合方式中,常量水+半量肥处理(NH)表现最佳,叶片净光合速率、果实可溶性固形物以及可滴定酸含量最高,分别为13.4μmol·m-2·s-1、13.70%和0.111%,显著高于对照和其它多数处理,而果实硬度则与其它处理并无显著差异;因此,从经济用肥以及提高果实品质的角度考虑,在对梨树追肥时,推荐采用常量水+半量肥(NH)的水肥耦合方式。
Taking 6-year-old Huangguan Pear as test material, the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality of Huangguan pear were studied, and the best water-fertilizer coupling method was screened out. The results showed that water was the main factor affecting the coupling efficiency of water and fertilizer. Half-amount and double-amount water treatments had adverse effects on the photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality of pear leaves, and had the most adverse effect on fertilization under waterless conditions. Among the different water-fertilizer coupling modes, The constant water + semi-fertilizer treatment (NH) showed the best performance, and the net photosynthetic rate, fruit soluble solids and titratable acid content were the highest, which were 13.4μmol · m-2 · s-1, 13.70% and 0.111% In comparison with other treatments, however, the fruit firmness was not significantly different from other treatments. Therefore, from the point of view of economical use of fertilizer and improvement of fruit quality, it is recommended to use constant water + half amount of fertilizer (NH) The coupling of water and fertilizer.