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地震是一种灾害性自然现象。在一次大地震发生时,可以造成房倒屋塌、山崩地裂和大量的人畜伤亡。因此地震预报问题就成为人们很关心的问题了。另外人们为了了解大地构造运动情况以及了解高温高压下的物质性质,也对地震发生的问题和有关现象感到兴趣。 地震的孕育过程以及爆发过程虽是一个很复杂的物理过程(甚至还有物理、化学过程),但是其中有很大一部分是力学问题。在本文中我们仅限于力学方面的问题作一些介绍和讨论。
Earthquakes are a disastrous natural phenomenon. When a major earthquake occurs, it can cause the collapse of houses, landslides and large numbers of human and animal casualties. Therefore, the issue of earthquake prediction has become a matter of great concern to people. In addition, in order to understand the tectonic movement of the earth and to understand the nature of matter under high temperature and high pressure, people are also interested in the problems of earthquakes and related phenomena. Although the gestation process and the outbreak process of earthquakes are complex physical processes (even physical and chemical processes), a large part of them are mechanical problems. In this article, we will only give some introductions and discussions on mechanics issues.