为探索超高产水稻的理想根型， 观察比较了水稻不同产量水平的根系发育形态。试验结果表明， 水稻根量随着在土壤中分布层次的加深， 按负指数曲线减少， 并向 ｘ 轴渐近； 产量１２ｔ·ｈｍ － ２左右的超高产水稻， ２０ ｃｍ 土层内的各层根系具有较大的干重、体积和总长， 分枝根十分发达， 在土壤中密集成网； 随着产量的提高， 地上、地下部干物重同步增长， 但根重增长速率偏低， 冠根比逐渐扩大， 根系活力则相应增强， 从而维持地上、地下部形态及机能的综合平衡； 各根层对形成超高产的贡献率， ０～５ ｃｍ 土层的上层根占６５％ ， ５～２０ ｃｍ 土层的下层根占３５％ 。 In order to explore the ideal root type of super-high-yielding rice, we observed and compared the root morphology of rice at different yield levels. The results showed that the amount of rice root decreased with the decrease of negative exponential curve as the distribution level in soil increased and approached to the x axis. The yield of paddy rice with yield of about 12 t · hm - 2 and layers in 20 cm soil layer Roots with larger dry weight, volume and total length, branched root is very developed, dense network in the soil; with the increase of yield, aboveground and underground dry weight growth, but the root weight growth rate is low, crown root The root activity increased correspondingly, so as to maintain the overall balance of morphology and function of above and below ground. The contribution rate of each root to the formation of super-high yield was 65% and 5-20 cm The underlying roots of the soil account for 35%.