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[目的]观察大鼠孕期处于慢性应激状态时子鼠学习记忆能力的变化,从海马胆碱能神经递质方面探讨损伤的可能机制。[方法]建立孕期慢性应激(CUMS)大鼠模型,采用放射免疫法测定母鼠血浆皮质酮水平,利用Morris水迷宫和Y迷宫进行子鼠学习记忆能力的测定,采用ELISA方法测定脑海马组织胆碱能神经递质含量,并分析其相关性。[结果]模型组母鼠皮质酮水平与对照组的差异有统计学意义(F=12.347,P=0.001),提示模型组大鼠处于应激状态。模型组子鼠的体重在出生后第28天和出生后第42天均低于对照组(P<0.05);模型组子鼠血浆皮质酮水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。子鼠学习记忆能力变化:模型组子鼠逃避潜伏期时间比对照组子鼠长(F=8.579,P<0.001),跨平台次数低于对照组(t=3.344,P=0.001);模型组子鼠学习所需的训练次数高于对照组子鼠,而记忆保持测试的正确反应率低于对照组子鼠(均P<0.05)。与对照组子鼠相比,模型组子鼠乙酰胆碱含量、胆碱乙酰转移酶活性下降,乙酰胆碱酯酶活性上升(均P<0.05)。子鼠的学习记忆指标与血浆皮质酮及海马组织胆碱能神经递质水平存在相关性(均P<0.05)。[结论]孕期慢性应激影响子鼠学习记忆能力,与子鼠血浆皮质酮及海马组织胆碱能神经递质水平的变化有关。
[Objective] To observe the change of learning and memory abilities of rats in chronic stress state during pregnancy, and to explore the possible mechanism of injury from cholinergic neurotransmitter in hippocampus. [Methods] A rat model of chronic stress (CUMS) during pregnancy was established. Plasma corticosterone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in maternal rats. Morris water maze and Y maze were used to measure the learning and memory ability of the offspring. ELISA was used to determine the hippocampus Cholinergic neurotransmitter content, and analyze its correlation. [Result] The difference of corticosterone level between the model group and the control group was statistically significant (F = 12.347, P = 0.001), suggesting that the model group rats were in stress state. The body weight of model rats was lower than that of the control group on the 28th day after birth and on the 42nd day after birth (P <0.05). The plasma corticosterone level of model rats was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The change of learning and memory abilities of the offspring mice: The escape latency of the model rats was longer than that of the control rats (F = 8.579, P <0.001), and the number of cross-platform was lower than that of the control group (t = 3.344, P = 0.001) The number of training required for rat learning was higher than that of control mice, while the correct response rate of memory retention test was lower than that of control mice (both P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the content of acetylcholine, the activity of choline acetyltransferase and the activity of acetylcholinesterase in model group were increased (all P <0.05). The learning and memory indexes of offspring rats were correlated with plasma corticosterone and cholinergic neurotransmitter levels in hippocampus (all P <0.05). [Conclusion] Chronic stress during pregnancy affects the learning and memory abilities of the offspring rats, and is related to the change of cholinergic neurotransmitters in plasma corticosterone and hippocampus.