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目的应用同步辐射(synchrotron radiation,SR)衍射增强(diffraction enhanced imaging,DEI)对兔慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis,CGN)模型病变进行模型研究。方法采用盐酸阿霉素以17 mg/kg的2次注射量,2个月后5只新西兰大白兔慢性肾小球肾炎模型形成。抽取血液做肾功能检查,尿液做尿常规检查,切片做病理检查。动物处死后肾组织固定在4%福尔马林溶液里,准备DEI实验。另取5只正常的兔子做对照组。本实验在北京同步辐射装置4W1A X线实验站(射束能量14 ke V)进行。取摇摆曲线的腰位,做360度旋转平扫,同时取背景图像。最后用衍射成像软件重建图像,用MATLAB分析CGN和对照组病变区间的灰度差异。结果在没有静脉注射成像对比剂条件下,DEI方法能清楚地显示两组肾脏微结构,包括动静脉系统,集合管,髓袢及肾小球,其空间分辨率达10μm。CGN组(91~112)的平均肾皮质比对照组(121~141)丢失较多、灰度值、T检验P<0.05。相同皮质感兴趣区(数据点450×80)灰度值定量分析,CGN组总灰度值(55~160)小于对照组(75~175)。DEI图像和病理图像有较多相似性,CGN组的病变微结构得以显示,归功于DEI相位成像(phase-contrast imaging,PCI)的原理优势,从而使应用SR DEI对CGN进行诊断的可能得以成为现实。结论同步辐射衍射成像实验是一种新的影像学方法,结果表明,影像学形态的变化较CT、MRI、超声更细致明确,它使无创伤、无对比剂的慢性肾小球肾炎的动物模型诊断成为可能。未来随着实验设备的提高和图像分析操作的简易化,DEI很可能在临床上成为CGN诊断的一种新方法。
Objective To study the pathological changes of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) in rabbits by using synchrotron radiation (SR) diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI). Methods Adriamycin hydrochloride was given at a dose of 17 mg / kg twice a day, and 5 New Zealand white rabbits with chronic glomerulonephritis were formed after 2 months. Extraction of blood to do renal function tests, urine routine urine examination, biopsy do pathological examination. The kidneys were fixed in 4% formalin solution after sacrifice, and DEI experiments were prepared. Another 5 normal rabbits to do the control group. The experiment was carried out at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility 4W1A X-ray experimental station (beam energy 14 ke V). Take the rocking curve of the waist, do 360-degree rotation sweep, taking the background image. At last, the image was reconstructed by using the software of diffractive imaging, and the gray level difference between CGN and the control group was analyzed by MATLAB. Results In the absence of IV contrast agent, the DEI method clearly showed that two groups of renal microstructures, including arteriovenous system, collecting duct, medulla oblongata and glomerulus, had a spatial resolution of 10 μm. The average renal cortices in the CGN group (91-112) were more lost than the control group (121-141), and the gray value, T test, P <0.05. The same cortical region of interest (data point 450 × 80) gray value quantitative analysis, CGN group total gray value (55 ~ 160) is less than the control group (75 ~ 175). DEI images and pathological images are more similar, the microstructure of lesions in CGN group can be displayed due to the principle advantage of DEI phase-contrast imaging (PCI), so that the application of SR DEI in the diagnosis of CGN may become reality. Conclusions Synchrotron radiation diffraction imaging is a new imaging method. The results show that the change of imaging morphology is more detailed and clear than that of CT, MRI and ultrasound. It makes the animal model of chronic glomerulonephritis non-invasive and non-contrast agent Diagnosis is possible. In the future, with the improvement of experimental equipment and the simplification of image analysis, DEI is likely to become a new clinical diagnosis of CGN.