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[目的]比较重庆城区肥胖儿童和正常儿童的脂肪发育状况。[方法]采用病例对照研究,现场测量1088名肥胖儿童和2172名正常儿童的体块指数(BMI)、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、肩胛下和髂嵴上皮褶厚度(SF)。[结果]肥胖儿童在各年龄段的BMI与4处SF的均值及其逐年的变化幅度均显著高于对应年龄的正常儿童的对应值。15岁后肥胖组男童的BMI均值高于女童,肱二头肌皮摺厚度均值低于女童。15岁后对照组女童的4处皮褶厚度均值显著高于男童。每组儿童的4处皮褶厚度和4处皮摺厚度的总和均值均与BMI均值显著低度相关(r﹤0.5,P﹤0.001)。[结论]重庆城区肥胖儿童和正常儿童的脂肪发育差异显著。联合运用BMI与皮摺厚度可判断儿童营养状况。
[Objective] To compare the fat development status of obese children and normal children in Chongqing urban area. [Methods] The body mass index (BMI), biceps brachii, triceps, subscapular and iliac crest fold thickness (SF) of 1088 obese children and 2172 normal children were measured on the spot using a case-control study. [Results] The average values of BMI and SF in obese children at all ages and their annual changes were significantly higher than those of corresponding normal children. The average BMI of obese boys after 15 years old was higher than that of girls, and the average thickness of biceps skin fold was lower than that of girls. After the age of 15, the average skinfold thickness of 4 control girls was significantly higher than that of boys. The summed mean of 4 skinfolds and 4 skinfolds for each group of children was significantly associated with a significantly lower mean BMI (r <0.5, p <0.001). [Conclusion] There was significant difference in fat development between obese children and normal children in Chongqing urban area. Joint use of BMI and the thickness of the skin can determine the nutritional status of children.