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探讨食管粘膜下癌发生淋巴结转移的有关因素及特点，制定治疗早期食管癌的最佳方案。方法：手术切除食管粘膜下癌52例，常规清扫区域淋巴结，分组病理检查，术后进行长期随诊。结果：本组食管粘膜下癌淋巴结转移率为23．1％（12/52），发生淋巴结转移主要与肿瘤的分化程度有关，分化越差，转移率越高，其次与肿瘤的大小、病理形态类型等因素有关。跳跃式转移发生率高，转移淋巴结大部分≤1cm，可能是食管粘膜下癌发生淋巴结转移的特点。结论：对早期食管癌应行食管次全切除术，并常规清扫区域淋巴结。
To explore the relevant factors and characteristics of lymph node metastasis in submucosal carcinoma of the esophagus, and to establish the best treatment for early esophageal cancer. Methods: Surgical removal of esophageal submucosal carcinoma in 52 cases, routine regional lymph node dissection, group pathological examination, postoperative long-term follow-up. Results: The lymph node metastasis rate of esophageal cancer in this group was 23.1% (12/52). Lymph node metastasis was mainly related to the degree of tumor differentiation. The worse the differentiation, the higher the metastasis rate, followed by the size and pathological morphology of the tumor. Type and other factors. The incidence of skip-type metastases is high, and most of the metastatic lymph nodes are less than or equal to 1 cm, which may be characteristic of lymph node metastasis in esophageal submucosal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Subtotal esophageal resection should be performed for early esophageal cancer and regional lymph nodes should be routinely dissected.