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目的建立大鼠背部皮窗来观察大鼠皮肤血管体之间的choke血管。方法首先设计一种可以骑跨在大鼠背部的观察窗,之后在SD大鼠背部一侧设计切取一个以髂腰动脉皮支为蒂的跨3个血管体区的皮瓣,后原位缝合。将观察窗对准皮瓣的choke区安装上去,每隔12 h在体视显微镜下观察choke血管的形态,用数码相机拍照,连续观察7 d。结果 10只中有3只术后出现严重感染。通过皮窗观察孔能够完整流器地观察到choke区的动静脉。皮瓣掀起60 h可见连接小静脉管径发生轻微扩张,随后几天管径继续扩张,并因为血流动力学的改变,血管的曲度增加;这些小静脉的管径扩张于术后5 d达到极致。术后choke区静脉干及动脉管径也可见相应扩张,但其变化不及静脉明显。结论与之前报道过的X线造影、CTA相比,大鼠背部皮窗作为观察choke血管的一种新的方法,其最大的优点是能在同一活体上对choke血管在较长时间内进行实时观察。其缺点为频繁麻醉可能影响大鼠的生理状态。
Objective To establish the rat’s dorsal skin window to observe the choke vessels between rat skin and blood vessel. Methods First of all, we design an observation window that can ride across the back of the rat. After that, a flap across the three vascular pedicles pedicled with iliac and lumbar artery branches was designed and cut off on the back side of SD rats. . The observation window at the flap choke area installed up, every 12 h in the cholecystoscope under the choke vessel morphology, with a digital camera, continuous observation of 7 d. Results Of the three, 10 were severely infected. Through the skin window observation hole can be observed intact flow choke area arteriovenous. Flaps set off 60 h shows a slight dilation of the diameter of the connected venules, and then continue to expand the diameter of the tube a few days later, and because of hemodynamic changes, vascular curvature increases; these small veins diameter expansion in 5 d after surgery Reached the extreme. Postoperative choke area vein and arterial diameter can also be seen corresponding expansion, but its change is not as obvious as the vein. Conclusion Compared with the X-ray angiography and CTA reported before, the dorsal skin window of rat is a new method to observe choke blood vessels. The biggest advantage is that the choke blood vessels can be performed on the same living organism for a long time in real time Observed. The disadvantage is that frequent anesthesia may affect the physiological state of the rat.