埃博拉(Ebola)病毒以非洲刚果民主共和国的埃博拉河命名(该国旧称扎伊尔),是一种能引起人类和灵长类动物产生埃博拉出血热的烈性传染病病毒,有很高的死亡率,致死原因主要为中风、心肌梗塞、低血容量休克或多发性器官衰竭。埃博拉被列为生物安全第四级病毒,也同时被视为是生物恐怖主义的工具之一。埃博拉病毒疫情自2014年2月在几内亚爆发以来,已经迅速蔓延至利比里亚等其他3个西非国家,这是自1976年该病毒旨次在剐果出现以来最严重的一次。 The Ebola virus, named after the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), is a potent infectious virus that causes human and primate Ebola hemorrhagic fever, There is a high mortality rate, the main cause of death for stroke, myocardial infarction, hypovolemic shock or multiple organ failure. Ebola is classified as a biosafety level 4 virus and is also considered as one of the tools of bioterrorism. Since its outbreak in Guinea in February 2014, the Ebola virus epidemic has spread rapidly to three other West African countries, including Liberia, the worst since the virus was first reported in 1976.