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为评价异色瓢虫在温室条件下对桃蚜的控害能力及效益,在甜椒和圆茄生产温室中以生物农药防治为对照,开展释放异色瓢虫控制桃蚜的示范试验,分析天敌害虫的种群动态变化,并计算防治成本。结果显示:异色瓢虫能够持续控制甜椒温室中桃蚜种群密度,其定殖率在蚜虫暴发高峰期时最高,为64%;且甜椒产量及经济效益高于生物农药防治。在圆茄温室中,前期释放的异色瓢虫使桃蚜高峰延缓1周出现;在增加瓢虫释放量后,1周内桃蚜种群密度下降了79%,且瓢虫定殖率达到86%,控害效果较好。表明通过生产期全程监测天敌-害虫的种群动态,在植株定植15 d后每周确定益害比,通过2~3个月持续释放异色瓢虫,可有效、持续控制整个生产期桃蚜为害。
In order to evaluate the control ability and the benefits of Harmonia axyridis against Myzus persicae in greenhouse conditions, the control experiment of peach aphids was conducted using the control of biopesticides in sweet pepper and eggplant production greenhouses as the control Natural enemies of insect population dynamics and control costs. The results showed that C. heterophyllus could continuously control the population density of Myzus persicae in the greenhouse of sweet pepper and Pepper, and its colonization rate was the highest at the peak of aphid outbreak, which was 64%. The yield and economic benefit of sweet pepper were higher than that of biological pesticide. In the roundhouse greenhouse, the early release of Harmonia axycis delayed the peak of Myzus persicae for one week. After increasing the ladybug release, the population density of Myzus persicae declined by 79% within one week, and the ladybug colonization rate reached 86 %, The control effect is better. The results showed that by monitoring the population dynamics of natural enemies and pests during the whole production period, the benefit-to-victim ratio was determined weekly 15 days after plant colonization and sustained release of Harmonia axyridis for 2 to 3 months could effectively and continuously control the peach aphids .