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铁路商品车物流基地选址问题对于拓展铁路商品车运输业务具有重要意义。本文结合商品车运输“库前移”模式的运作特点,提出由商品车主机制造厂、区域物流基地、地区物流基地、客户构成的四级物流网络。以该网络为研究对象,构建铁路商品车物流基地分层级、多周期动态选址的0-1混合整数规划模型。该模型将铁路客户的变化状态作为多周期的划分依据,以降低成本、提高既有资源利用率为优化目标。在求解方法上,设计遗传-禁忌算法求解单周期静态选址模型,并将多周期动态选址问题转化为最短路问题进行求解。通过9-152-152-293四级物流网络的实际数据,验证模型的合理性及算法在求解大规模问题的有效性。
The problem of locating railway commodity car logistics base is of great significance to expanding the transportation business of railway commodity car. In this paper, combining with the operation characteristics of the model of “Carriage Forwarding of Warehouses”, this paper proposes a four-level logistics network composed of mainframe manufacturing plants, regional logistics bases, regional logistics bases and customers. Taking this network as the research object, a 0-1 mixed integer programming model of hierarchical and multi-period dynamic location of railway freight car logistics base is constructed. This model regards the changing status of railway customers as the basis of multi-period division, and aims to reduce costs and improve the utilization rate of existing resources. In the solution method, the genetic-tabu algorithm is designed to solve the single-period static location model, and the multi-period dynamic location problem is transformed into the shortest path problem to solve. Through the actual data of four-level logistics network 9-152-152-293, the rationality of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm in solving large-scale problems are verified.