目前多数学者将急性肾衰分为急性缺血型及急性肾中毒型,这两型的病因、病理特点和预后均有所不同。所谓缺血型主要由急性血容量不足或休克所致,肾中毒型是指肾毒性物质损害肾小管所致。急性肾衰的病因甚多,有时往往为综合性。一、急性肾缺血型凡能急剧引起肾血流不足者均可导致急性肾衰,最常发生在休克期或休克之后。 1.各种严重感染所致的休克,尤其是革兰阴性细 At present, most scholars divide acute renal failure into acute ischemic type and acute renal type. The etiology, pathological features and prognosis of these two types are different. The so-called ischemic type is mainly caused by lack of acute hypovolemia or shock, nephrotoxicity refers to renal tubular damage caused by toxic substances. There are many causes of acute renal failure, sometimes complex. First, acute renal ischemia who can cause acute renal failure can lead to acute renal failure, the most common in shock or shock after. A variety of serious infections caused by shock, especially gram-negative fine