Objective To explore the effects of calcium and magnesium deficiency on the growth and development of annual Polygonum multiflorum.Method Using sand culture method,with the cuttings of Polygonum multiflorum as materials,the appearance,the content of chlorophyll,the quality of aboveand under-ground portion and their relationship were studied.Result After Polygonum multiflorum was treated with calcium and magnesium for one year,the color of its leaves became lighter and the chlorophyll content decreased,the above-ground portion was smaller,roots increased with less root tubers and more fibrous roots.There were three kinds of treatments: normal treatment,calcium deficiency treatment and magnesium deficiency treatment,the difference of root to shoot ratio among the three treatments was great and extremely significant,the root to shoot ratio of calcium deficiency treatment was the maximum,there was no obvious difference in the root proportion and drying rate.Conclusion In mineral element imbalance environment,the appearance,the quality of aboveand under-ground portion and the production of root tubers were significantly changed in annual Polygonum multiflorum,whether these changes have effects on the effective components of Polygonum multiflorum is unclear which needs further study. Objective To explore the effects of calcium and magnesium deficiency on the growth and development of annual Polygonum multiflorum. Method using sand culture method, with the cuttings of Polygonum multiflorum as materials, the appearance, the content of chlorophyll, the quality of above and under ground portion and their relationship were studied. Result After Polygonum multiflorum was treated with calcium and magnesium for one year, the color of its leaves became lighter and the chlorophyll content decreased, the above-ground portion was smaller, roots increased with less root tubers and more fibrous roots.There were three kinds of treatments: normal treatment, calcium deficiency treatment and magnesium deficiency treatment, the difference of root to shoot ratio among the three treatments was great and extremely significant, the root to shoot ratio of calcium deficiency treatment was the maximum , there was no obvious difference in the root proportion and drying rate. Confluence In mineral element im balance environment, the appearance, the quality of above and under-ground portion and the production of root tubers were significantly changed in annual Polygonum multiflorum, whether these changes have effects on the effective components of Polygonum multiflorum is unclear which needs further study.