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随着我国城镇化的加快和人民生活水平的提高,居民消费碳足迹越来越不容忽视。本文在综述国内外居民消费碳足迹的基础上,以投入产出法为基础,深入研究了北京市2007年居民消费直接碳足迹和隐含碳足迹的特征。结果显示:城镇居民碳足迹总量约7993万t,约为农村居民碳足迹总量1195.55万t的7倍。其中城镇居民碳足迹以隐含碳足迹为主,农村居民碳足迹以直接碳足迹为主。从居民消费隐含碳足迹构成来看,城镇居民以食品、交通和通信、文教娱乐用品和服务为主,分别为35.2%,14.1%和13.8%;农村居民主要以食品、居住、交通和通信为主,分别为32.4%,21.9%和12.3%。此外,居民消费隐含碳足迹随着收入水平的增加而增加,尤其是交通和通信碳足迹增加明显。最后针对北京市城乡居民消费碳足迹的特征,分别给出了相应的政策建议。
With the acceleration of urbanization and improvement of people’s living standard in our country, the carbon footprint of residents’ consumption should be more and more neglected. Based on the review of the domestic and foreign resident carbon footprint, this paper studies the characteristics of direct carbon footprint and implied carbon footprint of residents in Beijing in 2007 on the basis of input-output method. The results show that the total carbon footprint of urban residents is about 79.99 million tons, about seven times of the total rural households’ carbon footprint of 11.9555 million tons. Among them, the urban residents ’carbon footprint is dominated by the implied carbon footprint, while the rural residents’ carbon footprint is dominated by the direct carbon footprint. In terms of the composition of implied carbon footprint of residents’ consumption, urban residents mainly focus on food, transportation and communications, cultural, educational supplies and services, accounting for 35.2%, 14.1% and 13.8% respectively. Rural residents mainly rely on food, housing, transportation and communications Mainly at 32.4%, 21.9% and 12.3% respectively. In addition, the implied carbon footprint of household consumption has increased as income levels have increased, especially as the carbon footprint of transport and communications has increased significantly. Finally, according to the characteristics of urban-rural resident consumption carbon footprint in Beijing, the corresponding policy suggestions are given respectively.