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一、前言远缘杂交在育种实践上和理论研究上都具有一定的意义。为了利用远缘杂交变异幅度大,分离大的特点,以便育出适合本地栽培的新品种,从1976年晚稻开始,我组做了水稻与薏苡远缘杂交试验。母本选早熟、矮杆、分蘖多的适合本地早晚季栽培的品种珍珠矮,父本为本地零星栽培的耐瘠、抗病、杆粗、根系发达和蛋白质含量高的薏苡。采用剪颖去雄。由于薏苡花粉在田间仅5、6分钟便失去活力,因此授粉工作必须迅速进行。三年多来,经对其杂交后代的变异进行了观察和选择,选出了已初步稳定的2号、16号和18号等几个新类型,通过对比试验,这几个类型的产量和蛋白质含量均较母本和对照品种为高,现将试验初步小结如下。
First, the introduction of distant hybridization in breeding practice and theoretical research have a certain significance. In order to take advantage of the large range of distant hybridization variation, large separation characteristics in order to breed new varieties suitable for local cultivation, from the late rice in 1976, my group did a distant hybridization test with rice Coix. Mother selection of early maturing, dwarfing, tillering and more for the local varieties of early and late crop cultivation pear short, male-local sporadic cultivation of barren, disease-resistant, thick rod, root system developed and high protein content Coix. Using clipping Yingxiong. As Coix pollen in the field only 5,6 minutes lost its vitality, pollination work must be carried out quickly. Over the past three years, we have observed and selected the variations of their offspring hybrids and selected several new types, such as No. 2, No. 16 and No. 18, which have been initially stabilized. Through comparative experiments, these types of yields and Protein content than the maternal and control varieties are high, the preliminary test is summarized as follows.