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目的探讨手足口病家庭聚集性感染影响因素,为制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用成组病例对照研究设计,于2011年5～11月对广州市幼儿家庭手足口病聚集性感染因素进行调查。调查对象抽取自广州市代表城市中心区(越秀区)、城乡结合部(白云区)与农村(增城市)幼托儿童及其家庭,以及2011年“广州市突发公共卫生事件监测与预警系统”报告的手足口病聚集性感染家庭。共调查家庭195户,其中手足口病聚集性感染家庭34户,非聚集性感染家庭161户。用非条件logistic回归进行单因素和多因素分析。结果多因素分析结果显示饭前洗手(OR=0.080,P<0.05)、儿童使用勺子进食(ORj=0.157,P<0.05)、儿童大便自理(OR=0.199,P<0.05)、认知饭前便后洗手(OR=0.149,P<0.05)是手足口病家庭聚集性感染的保护因素,而家庭中14岁以下儿童数>2人是危险因素(OR=18.244,P<0.001)。结论家庭成员良好的卫生意识及对儿童卫生习惯的培养是防控手足口病家庭聚集性感染的关键。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of family cluster infection in hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A case-control study was designed in this study. In May-November 2011, we investigated the clustering of HFMD in infants and young children in Guangzhou. The survey was drawn from representatives of Guangzhou city center (Yuexiu District), urban-rural integration (Baiyun District) and rural (Zengcheng) kindergartens and their families, as well as 2011 “Guangzhou public health emergency monitoring and early warning System ”reported hand-foot-mouth disease clustered infected families. A total of 195 families were surveyed, including 34 families with HFMD and 161 families with non-co-infection. Unconditional logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analyzes. Results The results of multivariate analysis showed that hand washing (OR = 0.080, P <0.05), children eating spoon (OR = 0.157, P <0.05) However, hand wash (OR = 0.149, P <0.05) was a protective factor against HFMF in families, whereas> 2 children under 14 years old were risk factors (OR = 18.244, P <0.001). Conclusion Family members’ good hygiene awareness and training of children’s hygiene habits are the key to prevention and control of HFMD-induced cluster infection.