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测定了南海原油、0号柴油和 2 0号柴油对 3种仔虾、4种仔鱼和 4种贝类的急性毒性。油类对仔鱼和仔虾的毒性大小顺序为 :0号柴油 >2 0号柴油 >南海原油 ;对 3种贝类 (文蛤除外 )的毒性大小顺序为 0号柴油 >南海原油。油类分散液的毒性大于其水溶性组分。在曝油的 3种仔虾中 ,刀额新对虾对 0号柴油和 2 0号柴油的耐受力最弱 ,而日本对虾对南海原油最为敏感。曝油仔鱼对 3种油类的耐受力顺序为 :黄鳍鲷 >前鳞鲻 >黑鲷 ,而七星鲈对 0号柴油最为敏感。贝类对 2种油类的耐受力顺序为 :文蛤 >波纹巴菲蛤 >毛蚶 >翡翠贻贝。在三类受试生物中 ,对油类的耐受力顺序为 :贝类 >鱼类 >虾类。
The acute toxicity of three kinds of larvae, four kinds of larvae and four kinds of shellfish was determined by the South China Sea crude oil, No. 0 diesel oil and No. 20 diesel oil. The order of the toxicity of oils to larvae and larvae was 0 # diesel> 20 # diesel> SCO; the toxicities of 3 species of shellfish (excluding clam) were 0 # diesel> SCO. Oil dispersions are more toxic than their water-soluble components. Among the three oil-exposed larvae, Shrimp new shrimp had the weakest tolerance to diesel No. 0 and No. 20 diesel, while Japanese shrimp were the most sensitive to the South China Sea crude oil. Oil larvae tolerance to the three kinds of oil order: yellow fin snapper> former scales 鲻> black snapper, while the perch on the No. 0 diesel is the most sensitive. Shellfish on the two kinds of oil tolerance order: clam> Corbicula flula> Mucuna> jade mussel. Among the three tested organisms, the order of tolerance to oils was: shellfish> fish> shrimp.