对鱼类游泳特性各评价指标进行了总结,介绍了目前国内外游泳特性的研究方法,从鱼类洄游角度综述了国内外鱼类游泳特性(包括运动代谢、游泳能力和生态行为)的评价模型,从不同影响因素(流速和温度,以及溶氧水平、盐度、鱼体重、年龄和摄食水平等)的角度探讨了鱼类游泳特性,可望为鱼道设计提供参考. The evaluation indexes of fish swimming characteristics were summarized, and the current research methods of swimming characteristics at home and abroad were introduced. The evaluation models of swimming characteristics (including exercise metabolism, swimming ability and ecological behavior) of fish at home and abroad were reviewed from the perspective of fish migration The swimming characteristics of fish were discussed from the perspectives of different influencing factors (flow rate and temperature, dissolved oxygen level, salinity, body weight, age and feeding level). It is expected to provide a reference for fishway design.