目的探讨青年人大肠癌的误诊原因和防治对策。方法对1985年5月至2004年12月误诊的28例青年人大肠癌病例进行回顾性分析。结果根治性切除15例(53.57%),姑息性切除6例(21.42%),肿块不能切除行单纯结肠造瘘5例(10.7%),因远处转移或全身衰竭无法手术2例。随访根治切除的15例中,3年生存率38.9%,5年生存率13.33%。结论青年人大肠癌临床容易被误诊、误治。早期诊断、早期治疗及综合防治是提高疗效的关键。 Objective To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis and prevention and cure of colorectal cancer in young people. Methods A retrospective analysis of 28 cases of young colorectal cancer misdiagnosed from May 1985 to December 2004 was performed. Results There were 15 cases (53.57%) underwent radical resection, 6 cases (21.42%) underwent palliative resection, 5 cases (10.7%) with simple colostomy, and 2 cases unable to be operated due to distant metastasis or systemic failure. Follow-up radical resection in 15 cases, 3-year survival rate of 38.9%, 5-year survival rate of 13.33%. Conclusion The clinical diagnosis of colorectal cancer in young people is easily misdiagnosed and mistaken. Early diagnosis, early treatment and comprehensive prevention and control are the keys to improve the curative effect.