目的调查永州市零陵区农村中老年人高血压患病情况,探讨与高血压形成的相关因素及了解知晓率,为防止高血压病的发生提供科学依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法,在永州市零陵区石岩头镇随机抽查12个行政村,长期居住在本地的40岁以上的村民为调查对象,对其进行体格检查、血压测量、相关危险行为及高血压相关知识知晓率等情况的调查。结果在5412名调查对象中,正常血压者2038人,占37.6%;正常高值者1246人,占23.0%;高血压患者2128人,占39.3%,其中1级高血压患者1483人,占患者人数的69.7%,2级高血压患者401人,占18.8%,3级高血压患者244人,占11.50%。在各年龄组中,以≥70岁年龄组高血压患病率最高,为60.0%,65岁年龄组次之,为55.0%,以40岁年龄组最低,为28.0%,各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=104.9,P<0.01)。男性高血压患病率为42.6%,显著高于女性的35.4%(χ2=29.1,P<0.01)。大专以上文化程度患病率最高,为63.4%(49/77)。危险因素暴露率前3位依次为高钠摄入、饮酒和超重,分别为64.8%、60.4%、32.6%;高血压相关知识知晓率前3位依次为发病与肥胖有关、发病与生活紧张有关和发病与饮酒有关,分别为33.0%、28.9%、27.2%。结论高血压病已成为影响农村居民身体健康和生活质量突出的公共卫生问题,应采取综合防治措施进行干预,遏止高血压发病随年龄增长而发病增高的趋势,因此,进行早期健康教育尤为重要。 Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension in rural middle-aged and elderly people in Lingling District, Yongzhou City, and to explore the factors related to the formation of hypertension and to understand the rate of awareness in order to provide a scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of hypertension. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 12 administrative villages in Shiyan Town, Lingling District, Yongzhou City. The villagers over 40 years old who lived in the area for a long time were surveyed, and physical examination, blood pressure measurement, related risks Behavior and knowledge of hypertension related knowledge of the investigation. Results Of 5412 subjects, 2038 were normal blood pressure, accounting for 37.6%; 1246 were normal high value, accounting for 23.0%; 2128 were hypertension, 39.3% were hypertension, of which 1 was grade 3 hypertension, accounting for 13.0% 69.7% of the population, 401 patients with grade 2 hypertension, accounting for 18.8%, 244 patients with grade 3 hypertension, accounting for 11.50%. In each age group, the prevalence of hypertension was ≥60.0% in the age group of ≥70 years, followed by the age group of 65 years old (55.0%), the lowest in the age group of 40 years (28.0%), and the difference among all age groups There was statistical significance (χ2 = 104.9, P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension in men was 42.6%, significantly higher than that in women (χ2 = 29.1, P <0.01). The highest prevalence of college education was 63.4% (49/77). The top three risk factors for exposure were high sodium intake, drinking and overweight, respectively, 64.8%, 60.4%, 32.6%; knowledge of hypertension related to the top three followed by the incidence and obesity related to the incidence of life-related stress And incidence and alcohol related, respectively, 33.0%, 28.9%, 27.2%. Conclusions Hypertension has become a public health problem that affects the health and quality of life of rural residents. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to intervene to prevent the incidence of hypertension from increasing with age. Therefore, early health education is particularly important.