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背景:高血脂可导致一系列的心脑血管疾病已成为共识。目的:探讨老年人在衰老进程中血脂水平的变化规律。设计:横断面调查。单位:上海华东医院营养科。对象:选择2000-07/2004-08在上海华东医院进行企业体检的职工和指定在本院就诊的干部605名,均自愿参加观察。男541名,女64名。其中<70岁者91名,≥70岁者514名。曾患冠心病者271名,患恶性肿瘤者83名,患其他疾病者251名。方法:对入选的605名体检者进行血脂水平检测,同时进行病史询问及一般体格检查。受检者空腹12h以上抽取静脉血,当日上午分离血清,应用全自动生化分析仪,采用酶法测定血总胆固醇、血三酰甘油的含量。正常值(总胆固醇:3.6～6.5mmol/L;三酰甘油:0.4～1.8mmol/L)。血清异常标准(总胆固醇:>5.72mmol/L;三酰甘油:>1.72mmol/L)。主要观察指标:不同年龄、疾病类型、性别体检者的血脂检测指标比较。结果:纳入体检老人605名,全部进入结果分析,无脱落。①不同年龄体检者血脂检测指标比较:血总胆固醇的峰值出现在70～74岁,以后开始逐步降低,70～74岁体检者血总胆固醇水平明显高于其他各年龄段体检者(P<0.05)。而血三酰甘油水平随年龄增长有逐步升高趋势,仅75～79岁体检者略有下降。②不同疾病类型体检者血脂检测指标比较:恶性肿瘤组体检者血胆固醇及三酰甘油水平均低于其他疾病组,冠心病组体检者血三酰甘油水平高于恶性肿瘤组及其他疾病组。③体检者血脂异常检出率:高胆固醇检出率为15.5%,高三酰甘油检出率为35.9%,男女两性间检出率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:老年人血脂代谢随年龄增长发生的改变与不同性别激素水平的变化及疾病类型有关。
Background: Hyperlipidemia has led to a series of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Objective: To investigate the changes of blood lipids in the elderly during the aging process. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Unit: Department of Nutrition, Shanghai East China Hospital. Subject: Employees who performed medical examinations at Shanghai Huadong Hospital between 2000-07/2004-08 and 605 officers appointed to attend the hospital were selected to participate in the observation. There are 541 males and 64 females. Of these, 91 were younger than 70 and 514 were ≥ 70 years old. There were 271 patients with coronary heart disease, 83 with malignant tumors and 251 with other diseases. Methods: 605 blood testers were selected for the examination of blood lipid levels, and medical history and general physical examinations were performed at the same time. Subjects collected venous blood for more than 12 hours on an empty stomach, separated serum on the morning of the day, and applied an automatic biochemical analyzer to measure the total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels by enzymatic method. Normal value (total cholesterol: 3.6-6.5 mmol/L; triacylglycerol: 0.4-1.8 mmol/L). Serum abnormalities criteria (total cholesterol: >5.72 mmol/L; triacylglycerols: >1.72 mmol/L). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of blood lipid test indicators of different ages, disease types, and gender checkups. Results: 605 elderly patients were included in the physical examination, all of which entered the analysis of the results without falling off. 1Comparison of blood lipid detection indexes between different ages of physical examination: The peak value of total blood cholesterol appeared between 70 and 74 years old, and it gradually decreased afterwards. The blood total cholesterol level of 70 to 74 years old was significantly higher than that of other age groups (P<0.05). ). The blood triacylglycerol level gradually increased with age, and only 75 to 79 years old had a slight decrease in physical examination. 2Comparison of blood lipid test indexes between physical examinations of different disease types: Blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the malignant tumor group were lower than those in other disease groups. Blood triglyceride levels in the coronary heart disease group were higher than those in the malignant tumor group and other disease groups. (3) The detection rate of dyslipidemia in physical examination: The detection rate of high cholesterol was 15.5%, and the detection rate of hypertriglyceridemia was 35.9%. There was no significant difference in the detection rate between male and female (P>0.05). Conclusion: The change of blood lipid metabolism with age in the elderly is related to the change of sex hormone levels and the type of disease.