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神经安定剂寻求神经安定剂时,历来都把急性给药后较少的锥体外系副作用(EPS),长期应用后较低的迟发性运动障碍(TD)以及过敏性精神病综合征的发生率作为一项特别重要的目标.这类药物中最令人感兴趣的是氯氮平和盐酸甲哌酮.氯氮平的EPS比一般的神经安定剂少,有部分抑制TD的作用,而且,抗精神病作用比一般的神经安定剂强.按Brief精神病分级方案(BPRS),氯氮平对消极症状,如情感退缩和情感淡漠有显著疗效.氯氮平引起粒细胞缺乏症的发生率比一般神经安定剂高10～100倍.
Neuroleptics have historically had fewer extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) after acute administration, lower rates of tardive dyskinesia (TD) after long-term use, and the incidence of allergic psychiatric syndrome when seeking neuroleptic agents As a particularly important goal, the most interesting of these drugs are clozapine and mepivacaine hydrochloride.The clozapine EPS is less than the usual neuroleptics and partially inhibits the effects of TD, Psychiatric effects are stronger than usual neuroleptic agents.According to the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scheme (BPRS), clozapine has a significant effect on negative symptoms such as affective withdrawal and apathy.Clozapine has a greater incidence of agranulocytosis than the general nerve Stabilizers 10 to 100 times higher.