一、引言在19世纪美国文学史上涌现出了诸多对后世影响深远的文学家,其中赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(Herman Melville,1819—1891)就是一个典型代表,虽然他在过世多年才引起世人的关注,但依然与纳撒尼尔·霍桑(Nathaniel Hawthorne,1804—1864)并称为19世纪美国最具开创意义的两大作家。梅尔维尔出生在纽约的一个名门望族,自小家境殷实,但是后来12岁时因父 I. INTRODUCTION In the history of American literature in the 19th century, many influential writers emerged. Among them, Herman Melville (1819-1891) is a typical representative. Although he caused the world many years after his death But still with Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) as the two most creative writers in the United States in the nineteenth century. Melville was born in New York, a well-known family, since childhood, well-established, but later 12-year-old father