论文部分内容阅读
一、美国实行经济制裁的动因及其实质自第一次世界大战以来,美国就把经济制裁作为一种压服他国的手段。迄今为止,由美国发起的制裁就有100多起,历史上还没有哪一个国家像美国这样,频繁地使用制裁手段来惩罚别的国家。根据国际格局的演变,美国对外实行经济制裁的历史大致可划分为三个阶段:第一阶段,从1919年到1945年。国际格局的基本结构是凡尔赛——华盛顿体系。美国在第一次世界大战后成为世界经济巨人,拥有世界石油产量的70%,煤产量的40%,工业制成品产量的46%。美国取代英国成为世界金融中心和最大贸易国。美国奉行符合其国际地位
I. Motive of the U.S. Economic Sanctions and Its Essence Since the First World War, the United States has used economic sanctions as a means to surrender to other countries. To date, more than 100 sanctions have been initiated by the United States. No country in history has ever used the sanctions to punish other countries like the United States. According to the evolution of the international situation, the history of U.S. economic sanctions against the outside world can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage, from 1919 to 1945. The basic structure of the international pattern is the Versailles-Washington system. After the First World War, the United States became the world’s economic giant with 70% of the world’s oil production, 40% of coal production and 46% of the industrial output. The United States replaced Britain as the world’s financial center and largest trading nation. The United States pursues its international status