论文部分内容阅读
1945年香港再次被英国人占领。1841年英人未经中国政府同意占领港岛,1856年未经中国政府同意占领九龙半岛,1898年租借了新界和离岛,但用了十个月才占领。1941年日本人从英国人手中抢占香港,1945年英国人可以说又是未经中国政府同意占领香港。不过那时候差一点儿香港就已经回归中国了——这对香港之后的几十年发展有决定性的影响。根据1941年英国与美国签署的《大西洋宪章》的反帝国主义原则,美国总统罗斯福在1942年曾取得英国首相丘吉尔的同意,战后将香港交还给中国。蒋介石知道后,在日记上写道:总理孙中山革命毕生奋斗最大的目标,现竟得由我亲手达成。但是丘吉尔很快就反悔。在1943年的开罗会议上,蒋介石与丘吉尔为此闹得不愉快。开罗会议在香港问题上没有定论,但中英双方的意图却明确了。后来丘吉尔还说了重话:想把香港从大英帝国分离出去,得从在我的尸体上踩过去。日本宣布投降后,尚在香港集中营的英人很自觉,立即向日本占领当局要求接收香港。而在菲律宾的英国
Hong Kong was once again occupied by the British in 1945. In 1841, the British people occupied Hong Kong Island without the consent of the Chinese government. In 1856, they occupied the Kowloon Peninsula without the consent of the Chinese government. In 1898, they rented the New Territories and the outlying islands, but took ten months to occupy the island. In 1941, the Japanese seized Hong Kong from the British. In 1945, the British could claim that they again occupied Hong Kong without the consent of the Chinese government. But by that time almost Hong Kong had already returned to China - a decisive influence on the development of Hong Kong after decades. According to the anti-imperialist principle of the Atlantic Charter signed by the United Kingdom and the United States in 1941, U.S. President Roosevelt agreed in 1942 with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to return Hong Kong to China after the war. After Chiang Kai-shek knew, he wrote in his diary: "The greatest goal for Sun Yat-sen’s revolution in his life is actually reached by me personally. But Churchill quickly regretted it. At the Cairo conference in 1943, Chiang Kai-shek and Churchill were unhappy about this. There is no conclusion on the issue of Hong Kong at Cairo, but the intention of both China and Britain is clear. Later Churchill also said heavy words: I wanted to separate Hong Kong from the British Empire and step on from my body. After Japan announced the surrender, the British people who were still in the camps in Hong Kong consciously immediately requested the Japanese occupying authorities to accept Hong Kong. In the Philippines, the United Kingdom