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为探明不同柑桔品种裂果的差异及影响裂果发生的原因,在2015年7—10月分6次对纽荷尔脐橙、朋娜脐橙、白柳脐橙、清家脐橙、塔罗科血橙、兴津温州蜜柑、清见桔橙、不知火桔橙、485-28和32-1等10个柑桔品种(系)的裂果数进行调查,并对裂果率与气象资料、树体叶片营养状况和果实品质指标的相关性进行分析。结果表明,不同品种间裂果率差异极大,清见未见裂果,485-28的总裂果率达到78.72%;甜橙类品种裂果率与果皮厚度呈显著负相关;雨量分布不均是导致果实裂果的原因之一;柑桔营养枝叶片钾含量与裂果率呈显著负相关;结果枝与营养枝叶片钙含量差值与裂果率呈显著负相关。生产上选择裂果率较低的品种,合理灌溉,适当增施钾和钙肥,可以避免或降低裂果的发生。
In order to find out the difference of the fissures of different citrus cultivars and the causes of the fission, we conducted a total of six experiments on Newhall navel orange, Puna navel orange, white willow navel orange, Qing na navel orange, taro blood orange, Tianjin Satsuma, clear orange, I do not know the fire orange, 485-28 and 32-1 and other 10 citrus varieties (lines) to investigate the number of cracks, and cracking rate and meteorological data, tree leaf nutritional status and fruit Quality indicators of the correlation analysis. The results showed that there was a great difference in the rate of fruit cracking among the different varieties. There were no fruit cracking in the test, and the total fruit cracking rate in 485-28 was 78.72%. There was a significant negative correlation between the fruit cracking rate and peel thickness in the orange varieties. There was a significant negative correlation between the content of potassium and the percentage of fissures in the branches of citrus fruits. There was a significant negative correlation between the difference of calcium content between branches and leaves and the percentage of fissures. Select the production of low rate of cracking fruit varieties, rational irrigation, the appropriate increase in potassium and calcium fertilizer, can avoid or reduce the occurrence of cracked fruit.